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Amazon AWS Certified Developer Associate Practice Test Questions, Amazon AWS Certified Developer Associate Exam dumps
Introduction
1. Information For Students Who Have Completed The Solutions Architect Course
Well, there's actually a lot of exam overlap between the two exams. So there's a knowledge overlap between the Certified Solutions Architect Associate course and the Certified Developer Associate course. And if you go in and do the developer exam, having just passed the Certified Solutions Architect Associate Exam, you'll notice that a lot of the questions can be exact copies of what you saw in your last exam. So it's really good because it means you have a much higher chance of passing the Certified Developer Associate Exam on the first try. But it also means that as you go throughout this course, there's stuff that you would have already seen in the Certified Solutions Architect Associate Course. So there are some purely identical sections. So Section Six in this course is an exact copy of Section Six in the Certified Solutions Architect Associate Course. So you can skip it. Section 13 is the same. It's an exact copy of Section 3.2 of the VPC section in the Certified Solutions Architect Associate Course. Now, there are some similar sections in this course to those in the Certified Solutions Architect Associate course. And this is where some lectures may be identical, but then there may be new lectures that cover specific developer topics. So in section two, where we give the AWS 10,000 foot overview, we go through and talk about all the different AWS services. But instead of focusing on what services you need to know for the Solutions Architect Associate Exam, we now focus on what services you need to know for the Developer Exam. So it may be worth watching that section again because the focus of the lectures changes in IAM. It's very similar to the Solutions Architecture Associate Course. The labs are exactly the same, but then we'll also have additional lectures where we talk about active Directory integration as well as Web Identity Federation. So there are additional lectures in there. Same with Section 5, where a lot of the labs are the same, but then we do have a bit of a slant towards the development topics. So we'll have a lab on the course, for example, and then in Section Eight with SQS, it's a very similar lecture to what you heard about in the Certified Solutions Architect Associate lecture. But we do put a developer slant on that lecture as well and tell you some additional details that you need to know in order to pass the exam. So that's it, guys. It's just a disclaimer. So if you have already done the Certified Solutions Architect Associate Course, you may not have to watch the identical lectures again, and with the similar sections, if you see something that you may have seen before in the other course, you can just fast-forward through it. A lot of people do like to listen to my voice at twice the speed, apparently. You might be a slow talker normally; I don't know, but you can get through the course at double the speed. If you do, increase my voice speed twice as fast. So if you do have any questions, please let me know. But if not, feel free to move on to the next lecture. Thank you.
2. Setting The Right Expectations, This Is Not A Course To Teach You How To Code
Pass the exam. Now, the reason we aren't going to teach you the code is because there are so many different SDKs available on the AWS platform. So you've got things like Android, iOS, and JavaScript. So these are your basic browser-based based SDK.A's, you've got Java, you've got Net, you've got Node JS, you've got PHP, you've got Python, you've got Ruby, you've got Go, and you've got C plus plus. So, as much as I'd love to teach you all how to program in these different languages, it's not actually the purpose of this course. Now, if you read the exam blueprint, it says that you should have a knowledge of at least one of these programming languages. And to be honest, guys, you can pass the exam without being a programmer at all. This is the easiest associate exam to pass. You don't need to go in there, and you won't be asked to create a program or to debug lines of code. You'll be asked to make architectural decisions from the perspective of a developer. So how can you optimize S3 to work best with your apps—that sort of thing? It's not going to ask you to write a PHP script in order to move assets from EC 2 over to an S 3 bucket. That's not the purpose of this exam. So don't worry if you don't know how to code. You can definitely still pass this exam without knowing any kind of programming language. And we will go through and do a bit of PHP and Python throughout this course, but I'll be supplying all the code for you. So that's it, guys. If you have any questions, please let me know. If not, feel free to move on to the next lecture. Thank you.
3. Exam Blue Print
Go into the exam blueprint and I'll show you how to do that. In a second, you'll notice the following objectives. And these are the things that you need to know in order to pass the exam. So AWS Fundamentals is worth 10% of the exam. Design and development are worth 40% of the exam. Deployment and security are worth 30% of the exam. And then debugging is worth 20% of the exam. So if you just go over to Google and type in AWS Certified Developer into Google and click on the top link, you'll get the following landing page. And this landing page will tell you what you need to know in order to pass the exam. So if you scroll down and then take a look under Exam Overview, you'll notice that you get 80 minutes to complete the exam. It also tells you what the practice exam fee is and what the actual exam fee itself is. But you'll notice there's no passport, and it won't tell you how many questions there are in the exam. Now, the reason for that is because it can change. So when I first did this exam at the beginning of January 2015, the postmark was roughly about 67% and there were 55 questions on the exam. Now, there are currently 60 questions on the exam for 2016, so do keep that in mind. And the pass mark itself moves depending on how many students have both passed the exam and what their average score is. So it's all based on a bell curve. So if students are consistently scoring 90% on the exam, it's going to drag the pass mark up. Whereas students are consistently failing the exam and only getting like 20 or 30%, it drags the pass mark down. So the pass mark does move around. It moves anywhere from 65% to 70%. In my experience, you should aim to get 70% on this exam in order to guarantee a pass. If you get in the middle around 67%, you could either pass or fail. And it's really frustrating because we'll see people on our forums who take an exam and get 67%, and in one area of the world or on one particular day, they might pass, but in another area of the world on another particular day, they might fail with a 67%. So definitely aim for 70%, guys. Now if you scroll back up and go across to here under "Prepare for your Exam," you can click on the link to "Download the Exam Guide." It's a simple two-page document, but this is what we refer to when we talk about the Exam Blueprint. You can read through this at your own leisure. We've already covered the different domains and what percentage they are worth on the exam. And if you want to understand a bit more about what a particular domain means, such as AWS Fundamentals, you just scroll down here, and it explains what that domain is. So identify and recognize cloud architecture considerations such as fundamental components and effective designs. So go ahead and read this at your leisure. And once you've had a chance to read it through, you can feel free to move on to the next lecture. Thank you.
AWS - 10,000 Feet Overview
1. The History So Far
So one of my favorite quotes is from Andy Jassy, and he's the CEO of Amazon Web Services. And he said, "Invention requires two things." One, the ability to try a lot of experiments, and two, not having to live with the collateral damage of failed experiments. And before AWS came along, if you were a startup, you needed to go out and get funding. And a lot of that funding would be spent on physical infrastructure. So you'd be out there buying servers, networking gear, routers, load balancers, etc. And you'd have to put these into either your own data centers or into dedicated racks that you had colocation with. And it was extremely expensive in terms of capital expenditure. Now, when Amazon Web Services came along, suddenly you didn't have to worry about this anymore. You could suddenly just provision virtual machines in the cloud. And as it's become more advanced, it means that startups can basically come along and build their businesses without requiring any cash injection whatsoever. And to be perfectly honest, it showed a cloud guru started. We built a serverless learning management system. It cost us almost nothing to build, just our time. It took us between three and four weeks to build out our platform, and we've become a really successful startup. And we could have done this before the time of Amazon Web Services. And if you look at some of the biggest startups, people like Uber, for example, or people like Airbnb, they all started out on Amazon Web Services. And Amazon Web Services allowed them to scale very quickly and also build their platforms at a very low cost. So let's have a look at a brief timeline of Amazon Web Services. So in 2003, two guys called Chris Pinkman and Benjamin Black, who are based in Cape Town in South Africa, presented a paper on what Amazon's own internal infrastructure should look like. And they basically suggested selling off their excess compute capacity as a service. And they prepared a business case. SQS was officially launched in 2004, but it wasn't yet called Amazon Web Services, which was officially launched in 2006. And SQS and EC-2 were some of the first services that were available. In 2007, they had over 180,000 developers on the platform. So developers took to this quite quickly, and the reason for that is its extremely low cost. You could provision a server, do your testing, deconstruct it, and then destroy it. You didn't have to go out there and buy physical infrastructure. By 2010, the platform had grown so large that all of Amazon.com had moved over to AWS. And in 2012, they had the first ReInvent conference in Las Vegas. Now, for those of you that don't know, this is Amazon's annual conference, where they basically do all their big product announcements for the following year. I actually just came back from Reinvent. I've been to reinvent twice. I spoke at the last ReInvent in 2016, and you can get the YouTube video of my talk there. Reinvent is insane. There were 30,000 people this year. A great thing about reinvent is that they have a party right at the end. It's called Replay. It's the only party in the world that's being thrown by a billion-dollar tech company. So there are numerous games and activities available. There's electronic dance music. It's really loud. It's fantastic music as well. And all the alcohol is free for the entire night. So there's literally nothing else like it on the planet. It is basically, I think, one of the best parties you can go to on the planet. So definitely check out Reinvent if you can in 2017. In 2013, the certifications were launched. So there are now eight certifications. There are three associate levels; there are two professional levels. And just recently, there have been three specialty level certifications launched. And in 2014, Amazon committed to achieving 100% renewable energy usage for its global footprint. To put that into context, Google is expected to achieve that in 2017 as well. So Amazon is about three years ahead of Google in terms of renewable energy. In 2015, AWS finally broke out its revenue from Amazon.com, and they posted $6 billion per annum. And they estimated they were growing 90% year over year. And now it's at the end of 2016 when I'm recording this particular lecture, and their runway rate has hit $13 billion or close to it. So they've more than doubled their run rate from 2015. So it is literally growing at an exponential rate. And just to put this into context, if you add up the industry giants from 2012, when the first Reinvent conference was launched, so people like Cisco, Dell, EMC, IBM, HP, Enterprise, Oracle, and VMware, basically, they generated around $221,000,000,000 in 2012. You'd think that with the growth of clouds and the growth of it, they'd have generated a lot more by 2016. They would have had positive growth, but they didn't. They had a $15 billion reduction from 2012. And that equates to about 3% shrinkage year over year. And depending on the company, some suffered a lot more, some less, and some worse. But Amazon is having a massive effect on the traditional players in the market, and we'll see what that looks like in a couple of slides. Before we get into that, though, I just wanted to talk about the new service announcements and updates, and we covered this off in the introduction lecture. But in 2011, they had 82 new services. In 2012, they had 159. In 2013, they had 280. In 2014, they had 516. In 2015, they had 735. And, as of the end of 2016, the AWS platform had over 1,000 new services and updates. So it is growing exponentially, and it can be hard to keep up. And for that reason, I would tell you to subscribe to our YouTube channel. We have a new video blog out every single week where we talk about all the new AWS products and services that have been released. It's so much easier watching it on YouTube than reading through all the documentation that they push out there every single week. But it's entirely up to you. You can also set up an RSS alert for Jeff Barr's blogs. I would definitely recommend doing that. Jeff Barr is one of the main evangelists for AWS, and he basically writes blogs for every single new product or service that's being launched. I was lucky enough to meet Jeff a couple of weeks ago at Reinvent. He's a fantastic guy, very down to Earth, and he actually writes all of the blogs himself. So he's a great guy. Definitely subscribe to Jeff Bars' blog, set up an RSS feed so you get an email every time he adds a new blog article, and also subscribe to our videoblog on the Cloud Guru YouTube channel. So let's have a look at Gartner's Magic Quadrant for 2015. So, in May 2015, Amazon Web Services was named the leader in the Infrastructure as a Service Magic Quadrant for the fifth consecutive year in a row. Now Gartner, for those of you who don't know, is an analyst firm. They are analysts all across the tech industry. And basically, here they're comparing all the different players in the cloud. So you can see up here in the top-right corner of the screen that we've got the ability to execute along with completeness of vision. And those people who fall in that quadrant are known as leaders. Then you've got a visionary. Down here, we've got our niche players and our challenges. And you can see here that Amazon WebServices is by far the leader. Microsoft follows slightly behind by Microsoft. And then in here we've got our visionaries, which consist of Google, CenturyLink, VMware, IBM, etc. So what does it look like for 2016? Well, basically, Amazon Web Services is still one of the main leaders, but Microsoft is slowly starting to catch up. And you also notice that Google is breaking away from the packed and Google is now the only one left in the visionary quadrant. Everyone else has been left behind, and they're now considered niche players. So really, these are the top three to watch in terms of cloud over the next two to three years. Microsoft does have its own certification program. It's not as popular as Amazon Web Services right now. And Google is going to release its own certification program throughout 2017 and 2018. And I really think Google is going to be the one to watch after Amazon Web Services just because seeing that you're Google certified sounds really cool. But not just that, Google does amazing things around AI and big data. So Google would definitely want to watch going forward in the future. Let's just compare 2015 to 2016. So over here, we've got 2015. In 2016, you can see that Google is breaking away from the rest of the pack, while the rest of the pack is shrinking and becoming much more niche. And actually, when this was announced in 2015, Gartner basically added up the compute capacity of all public cloud computing providers across the planet. And Amazon basically made up 90% of that compute capacity, followed by Microsoft, who made up 5%, and then the other 5% was the rest of these players added up together. Now Google is definitely catching up on this. So, again, Google is one to watch for the future. So that's it for this lecture, guys. Hopefully, that puts everything into perspective. We're talking very short time frames. We're talking just over the last ten years, from when AWS was really launched as a service until now. And so the future is very bright. That's why getting certified for Amazon Web Services is a great investment for your future. So in the next lecture, we're going to start looking at all the different services for AWS. I'm going to warn you right now: it's going to be very long because there are an awful lot of services. You saw that there were 1000 new services released in 2016 alone. So we're going to break it up into four lectures, and we're going to look at every single service on AWS that's available today. We're just going to do it at a very high level. Don't let it overwhelm you. And then if you want to learn more about AWS, I definitely suggest going out and getting certified. Do either the Solutions Architect Associate course or the Developer Associate course. first to do the exams. It's $150 and you have to go into a testing center. But it's definitely worth getting certified because the qualification itself is very valuable. And it obviously shows employers that you know enough about cloud to pass Amazon's exams. Also, we don't just do certification courses on our platform, we also do deep dives. We do everything from teaching people how to make Alexa skills to developing iOS apps with AWS, back-end services, and even DynamoDB. We have a 19-hour course on it. So do check out our website if you want to dive deep into a particular technology. So, grab a cup of coffee, and when you're ready, let's begin with the 100-foot overview lecture one.
2. 10,000 Foot Overview - 1 of 4
Here's what we've just been looking at the console, and basically it's all the different services here, except for AWS Global Infrastructure. That's not actually a service. That's what AWS is built on, and we're going to cover that in the next few slides. So what do you need to know in order to pass your AWS Certified Developer Associate Exam? or you would think that game development would be in there. You would think that developer tools would be in there. The API gateway actually falls under application services. You'd think that would be in there as well. They're not. It's just simply not in there. So actually, what you need to focus on in order to pass your Certified Developer Associate Exam is messaging, security, and identity management tools at a very high level, as well as storage, databases, networking, and content delivery and compute, as well as the AWS Global Infrastructure. And it's very similar to the Certified Solutions Architect Associate Exam. In fact, there's a lot of overlap between the two. The main difference is that the Developer Associate will focus on things like API calls and very specifically on how to use DynamoDB and S Three. So that's really the key difference between those two exams. Now, if you have passed the Certified Solutions Architect Associate Exam already, you'll find a lot of the content is the same in this course as it is in the Certified Solutions Architect Course. and that's because the exams overlap. You're going to get the same exam questions that you've already had in the Certified Solutions Architect Associate Course. in the Developer course. The good thing is that it's really easy to pass the Developer Exam once you've passed the Certified Solutions Architect Exam, and vice versa. So by doing one or the other, passing it, and then going on to do the second one, you only need to study a fraction of what you studied last time in order to pass both. So that's a great way to move forward and grab two Associate Exams. So let's cover off what we mean by "AWS Global Infrastructure." So what is AWS? Global Infrastructure. Well, it's the physical stuff that AWS runs on, and we really break it down into three different areas. We talk about regions, availability zones, and then edge locations. So let's start with regions. "Region" is basically a place in the world where AWS resources exist. Right now, we have 14 regions, 38 availability zones, and a whole bunch of different edge locations. There are more than 65 from memory, and the number changes all the time. There are always new regions and availability zones being added. You will never be quizzed in any exam on how many regions or how many availability zones there are. So don't worry about it. If this comes slightly out of date throughout 2017, you're not ever going to be quizzed on it. So there will always be new regions coming. My prediction is new regions in Israel and South Africa, because that makes a lot of sense. It's going to fill that gap across the Middle East and Africa. I also have suspicions that there might be an Indonesian region simply because of the number of people out there as well. So what is a region, and what's an availability zone? A region is a geographical area. Each region consists of two or more Availability Zones. An Availability Zone is simply a data center. An availability zone could technically be a collection of data centers, but basically they're facilities that are very close to each other, and each availability zone is spaced away from another availability zone. So if there's a flood in one area, say there's a flood in central Manhattan, that might be one availability zone, and then the other availability zone might be in New Jersey. So they'll be close to each other, but they won't be dependent on each other. and you keep latency quite low between the two. Let's go back to the first slide, and you can see for each region how many availability zones there are in each one. So if we have a look at South America, for example, we can see that in that region we've got three availability zones. In Sydney. We've got three availability zones. In some regions of the world, such as India or Singapore, we've only got two availability zones. So, when you think of an availability zone, think of a data center. Technically, it could be a collection of data centers, but just think of it as a logical data center. And then a region consists of a geographical area, and you're always going to have two or more Availability Zones in a particular region. So, that is it. It's pretty simple. If you just remember a region as a geographical area and an availability zone as basically a datacenter, you'll be able to fly through the exam. So let's move on to edge locations. So what is an edge location? Well, an edge location is basically a content delivery network endpoint for CloudFront. If you don't know what a content delivery network is, don't worry, we're going to cover that in the networking section of the course. But, in essence, it's a way to cache or cache, depending on how you say it, your very large media objects in the cloud. So things like video files or pictures For example, if I were a user in New York and I wanted to download a video that's hosted, let's say, in Australia, on the very first occasion, it had to travel all the way across the world to New York, and then I had to download it the second time somebody in New York accessed it. It would be cached at an edge location in New York. So you'd only have to download it from a local server in New York. And that's basically how content delivery networks work. And we'll go over that in greater depth later in the course. So there are many more edge locations than there are regions. Currently, there are over 66 edge locations around the world, and they're adding more edge locations all the time. They've actually added 16 since I last recorded this a year ago. So they do add edge locations as and when demand warrants it. Okay, so let's have a quick look at today's region. So we'll start with North America. In North America, we've got five different regions, so it's one of the largest, and that makes a lot of sense if you think about it, because most of the customers are based in the United States. And then we've got a whole bunch of different edge location networks in places like Ashbourne, Virginia, Atlanta, Chicago, etc., and these will be updated all the time. Again, you will never be tested on your ability to identify regions in the exam. When we begin logging into the console, you will need to select a region that is closest to you and begin using that region. Some regions don't have services in them; some regions won't have land in them, for example. So if you are in a region and we're doing a lab and you can't see that particular service in your console, just change your region, and it's very simple to do. I'll show you how to do that later. In South America, we've only got one region currently, but we have three availability zones in that region. And then we have a whole bunch of different edge locations in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, sometimes referred to as Emir. We have two regions currently, which are in Ireland and Frankfurt. I like to work with the Irish region because I'm based in London, so it makes a lot of sense for me in terms of latency. And the UK region will be coming online in the next three or four months, around Q1 or the beginning of Q2 of 2017. And then we have a whole bunch of different edge locations around Europe, including the Netherlands, Berlin, Germany, Poland, Stockholm, et cetera, et cetera. You'll notice that currently there is no edge location in Africa, which I've always found quite interesting, but I'm sure that will change in the future. In APAC, we've got six different regions currently. Tokyo and Sydney are by far some of the most popular regions right now. Seoul is relatively new; that's in South Korea, as well as the Asia-Pacific Mumbai Region, which is also relatively new. That was launched not too long ago. And a big shout out to all our Indian students out there. You'd be surprised. Actually, the top students are Americans, and it used to be UK students, but it is now Indian students. So, we have more Indian students than we do UK students. So it's great having a region in India now because you've got really low latency when you're accessing your AWS resources. In terms of edge locations, we've got it in India, we've got Hong Kong, we've got Japan, we've got Korea, and we've got Australia. Except for New Zealand, almost everywhere in APAC. but hopefully that will be coming soon for all our New Zealand colleagues. And a big shout-out to those who work for Zero Out in New Zealand. OK, so we've covered AWS global infrastructure. It's very simple to remember. It's just regions. "Region" is a geographical area. There are availability zones. Think of an Availability Zone as a data center, although it can comprise multiple data centers and Availability Zones. However, each availability zone is isolated from the others. So if there's a flood in one, it won't necessarily affect the other. But you still have very low latency between the two or three, or however many availability zones you have in a region. And then we have edge locations. And edge locations are basically points of presence for cloud fronts. Now let's move on to the services, and we'll start with network and content delivery. So VPC. What is the VPC? VPC stands for "Virtual Private Cloud." And just like we were talking about an Availability Zone being a physical data center, I want you to think of VPCs as a virtual data center. So you have a VPC in all the different regions around the world, and basically it's just a virtual datacenter where you're going to deploy your assets. You can have multiple VPCs per region, and you can even basically connect one VPC up to another. VPCs are such an important part of the exam. I cannot stress this enough. And we have one and a half hours' worth of content just on VPCs alone. And in order for you to successfully pass your exam, you're going to need to know how to build a VPC from memory. But don't worry, it is actually pretty simple. You just need to practice. There's nothing like getting your hands dirty when learning AWS. And the key to passing all the associated exams is to have a really good understanding of VPCs. So we'll return to that later in the course. It is quite an advanced topic. We're going to start off relatively easy. We're going to start off with Identity Access Management first because it's a pretty simple service. and we'll move on to VPCs later on in the course. Next of all, we have Route 53. Route 53 is Amazon's DNS service. So what do I mean by DNS service? Well, if you think about it, when you look someone's name up in a phone book, you basically look up their surname to get their telephone number. DNS services work exactly the same way. So when you're looking up Google.com, or you're looking up Aws.com, or you're looking up a cloud guru, what you're actually looking up is the IP address for that computer, the public IP address. And that's what DNS is. So Route 53 is Amazon's DNS service, and you can actually register domain names through Route 53. We're going to look at Route 53 in quite a bit of detail later in the course. And the reason it's called Route 53, by the way, is that 53 is the DNS port. So when you're opening up DNS to the world, you do this on Port 53. And of course, Route 66 is the first interstate to cross the United States. So they called it Route 53 after Route 66, but they just use the DNS port. If you ever interview for a position with Amazon, that can actually come up as an interview question. So do remember that we are moving on to Cloud Front. Now, cloud front used to be in AWS's storage section, but we've moved it to networking and content delivery. So Cloud Front, as we mentioned before, is part of the Content Delivery Network, and it basically consists of a whole bunch of different edge locations that will cache your assets, like videos or large media files, et cetera. We're going to look at Cloud Front in actually the storage section of the course, but it is covered under the Networking and Content Delivery section in the console. And then finally, we have direct connectivity. And Direct Connect is a way of connecting up your office or connecting up your physical data centers to AWS directly using a dedicated telephone line. So instead of going over the Internet, you're going over a dedicated line into AWS. There are a few reasons you want to do that. It might be around security, but most of the time it's because you need a very reliable Internet connection because you're pushing a lot of data up to and down from AWS. And then you would use Direct Connect. Direct Connect can come up in the exam here and there. It's not a huge feature of the exam, but it can come up. It does feature very heavily in the advanced networking specialty exam. EC.Two stands for Elastic Compute Cloud. And I always get those two mixed up, whether it's Cloud, Compute, or Compute Cloud. But basically all EC2 is virtual machines in the cloud, and that's what you would have been used to using if you come from a VMware background or if you've been using any kind of virtualization technology. EC2 is simply the set of virtual machines that run on AWS. EC Two Container Services is basically a highly scalable, high-performance container management service that supports Docker containers. And it basically allows you to run applications on a managed cluster of Amazon EC2 instances, basically on virtual machines, and it eliminates the need for you to install, operate, and scale your own cluster management infrastructure. Guess what? EC Two Container Services is not going to come up in the exam whatsoever. If you want to learn about running, Docker, and EC2 Container Services, also known as ECSon AWS, we have an entire course on it, but it is not an exam topic. Elastic Beanstalk. This is a fantastic service; if you don't know anything about AWS and want to deploy your code to Amazon Web Services, you can simply upload it to Elastic Beanstalk. Elastic Beanstalk will then have a look at your code. So it might be a PHP-MySQL application, for example. And then it will go out and provision all the underlying infrastructure underneath it. Elastic Beanstalk comes up quite a bit in the developer exam. It doesn't come up too much in the solution architecture exam, apart from basically just knowing what it is. moving on to lambda. Now, Lambda was announced at Reinvent in 2014. It is basically one of the most revolutionary services in cloud computing. So with EC 2, that's a virtual machine, and you would be able to access that virtual machine. You'd be able to login using SSH or RDP if it was Windows, and you'd be able to install things there so you'd have access to the operating system. With EC 2, lambda is what we call serverless. So you don't actually go into the operating system. You don't do anything with the underlying host at all. What you do is upload your code, and your code will then respond to events. and we will cover Lambda in this course. It's still not in the exams. I still can't believe it because it is such a cornerstone of AWS. But I will go into Lambda in a little bit of detail. in this course. I'll show you how to build out Askel using Amazon Echo, and that uses Lambda. And basically, what you use Lambda for most commonly in terms of what we would use it for as consumers is that whenever you speak to an Amazon Echo or Alexa, you're actually speaking to Lambda. Lambda is speaking back at you. And it still blows my mind when you think about that. But Lambda is a very, very important topic in AWS. It does not yet figure at all in the exams. I expect that to change relatively quickly, though. So you should at least have a very high-level understanding of what Lambda is. And if you do want to learn more about Lambda, we have an entire in-depth course on it run by Ryan Brown. Moving on to Lightsale LightSail is basically a brand new service at Reinvent 2016. It's basically an "out of the box" cloud. So if you want a WordPress site for a journalist site, for example, LightSale will deploy that for you automatically. You then go into it and customize it. It is such a new service that it doesn't feature in the exam, and it's basically for people who don't know how to use AWS. Okay, so I don't want this lecture to go over 20 minutes. So that's it for this lecture, guys. You've been really patient. Go make yourself a tea or coffee, take a break, and come back. We will go onto the very next service. If you have any questions, please let me know. If not, feel free to move on to the next lecture. Thank you.
3. 10,000 Foot Overview - 2 of 4
moving on to storage. Now, storage consists of four different components currently on the platform. So the very first one is S Three, and this is almost as old as AWS itself. Not quite, but it is one of the bedrocks of the AWS platform, and it certainly comes up a lot in the solutions architects, associate, and developer associate exams. So, three. What is it? Just think of it as a virtual disk in the cloud where you can store objects. And what do I mean by objects? Well, really, I'm talking about files. I'm talking about things like Word documents or PowerPoint documents or pictures or movies or text files, et cetera. So it's a place where you can store objects. What you don't use S Three for is things like a place to install a database or a place to install an application, maybe a computer game. It's not that type of storage. This is called object-based storage. If you wanted to install a computer game or a database, you'd need block-based storage. and we'll come on to that in a little bit. So the easiest way to remember S Three is that it's a place to put objects in the cloud. And actually, Dropbox was one of the very first startups to utilize S3, and they started storing their objects on S3, and they still use it an awful lot today. Dropbox actually stores all the metadata inside its own data centers. So metadata is basically data about data. So what's the file name, when was it uploaded, and when was the last change? that sort of thing. But the actual objects themselves still exist in S Three. Today we'll cover S 3 in an entire section of the course. Moving on. We've got glaciers. Glacier is a place in which you archive your files from S Three off. So, for example, let's say you have a requirement from the FSA or a regulatory body, a government regulatory body, to store your files for seven years. You don't need instant access to those files. Maybe you can wait for up to four or five hours to retrieve them, and then you'd archive them off to Glacier. So Glacier is used for data archival. It's extremely cheap—I mean unbelievably low cost. And it's basically a place where you store your files for compliance reasons or for whatever reason you want, but it means that you can't access them immediately. It does take around three to four hours to retrieve them. And again, we're going to cover Glacieroff in another section of the course. We then have EFS. Now, EFS is relatively new. It came out last year. It's called elastic file service. And basically, when we're talking about S 3, S 3 is where you store objects. Elastic File Service is file-based storage, and you can share it. And we'll look at that in the EC Two section of the course. But essentially, it's a place where you could install your databases. For example, you could install applications, and you could actually share that volume with multiple virtual machines. And we'll look at that in the EC Two section of the course. By the way, for those who are wondering what "S Three" stands for, it's just simple Storage Service "SSS," which is why it's called "S Three." And finally, we have a storage gateway. Storage Gateway is now a way to connect S3 to your on-premise data center or headquarters. It's normally a virtual machine that you install on premises, so you get a virtual machine image, and then it communicates with S 3. Storage gateways may appear in some of the solutions. Architect associate exam To my knowledge, it doesn't come up in the developer exam at all, and it comes up all the time in the Sisops administrator exam. We'll cover Storage Gateway later in the course as well. So those are your four different storage options. Just remember that S 3 is always for object-based storage. You never want to install a database, a game, or something else. There is an application on S-3 that says that you would either use EFS or we'd use EBS. We don't actually have EBS on here yet because it's not considered a storage service of storage. Elastic Block Store (EBS) is a virtual disk that you can attach to your EC2 instances. And again, we're going to cover that in the EC Two section of the course. So let's move on. and we're moving on to databases. And this is a fundamental part of all three associate exams, really. So let's start with RDS. RDS is a relational database service. It consists of a number of different database technologies. So we've got MySQL, we've got PostgreSQL, we've got MariaDB, we've got SQL Server, we've got Oracle, and then we have a new database technology called Aurora. And Aurora actually comes in two different flavors. MySQL, and recently announced at Reinvent 2016. We have PostgreSQL as well, and we have an entire section on RDS in the course. RDS in particular comes up a lot in the Solutions Architect and Systops Administrator exams. It doesn't feature too heavily on the developer's exam. What does feature heavily in the developer exam is DynamoDB. So RDS is a relational database. DynamoDB is a non-relational database, and we'll explore the differences between the two later on in the course. But DynamoDB is basically a NoSQL database. It's really scalable, and it's got really high performance. And basically, if you are getting away from traditionaldatabases and using no sequel databases for your applications, DynamoDB is where you want to start. We have a 19-hour course on DynamoDB, which will take you from zero to hero. If you want to become the DynamoDB guru, and DynamoDB is essential for the Developer Associate Exam, you need to know DynamoDB inside and out in order to pass that exam. moving on to Redshift. Redshift is Amazon's data warehousing solution. So basically, when you have a whole bunch of different data, think of big data. You want to store it in a warehouse and then only query it as and when you need to run reports. So it's not good to run reports on your production database because it's going to slow your production database down. Instead, you want to basically transfer a copy of your production database over to Redshift, and then in Redshift you can run queries on that data. So it might be: I want to know what the net profit is for a toaster in Asia Pacific. If you are a retailer, for example, those are the types of queries you'd use with Redshift. So we will cover that in the theory section. You don't really need to be hands-on with Redshift in any of the associate courses. You will need to know redshift inside and out for the big data specialty search. The good news is that we have an entire course dedicated to Redshift, as well as a big data specialty set. And then finally, we have Elastic Ash and ElastiCache, which are basically a way of caching your data in the cloud. So imagine that you've got a shop front that's frequently visited, and you have your top ten selling items, which might be, say, vacuum cleaners, for example. So every person who comes to your site sees the top ten selling items, and a lot of them click on this vacuum cleaner. And the vacuum cleaner price never changes, the images never change, and the data around it never changes. So why take that data out of your database when you can actually just cache it and catch it using ElastiCache? If you design your architecture that way, it means that you take a load off your database, and it means that that data will be returned much quicker than if you're pulling it from your database. And we'll go over that in greater detail later in the course. Elastic Ash comes up mostly in the developer exam, but it can also come up in the Solutions Architecture exam, certainly in scenario questions where you've got to take a load off your database because it's starting to fail. What different mechanisms can you use to do that? Or one of the answers is to use elastic ash. Okay, so let's move on to migration services, and the first migration service is Snowball. So, to understand a little bit of history here, snowball started out as import and export, where you could send a disk or a whole bunch of disks to Amazon. They connect those disks up either using IDE or SATA or whatever it is they are using to connect, and then they would basically transfer the contents of those disks either to S3 or even to services like EBS. And EBS is basically a virtual disk for your EC2 instances. We're going to cover that in a lot of detail later in the course. So what happened was it was basically a nightmare to manage. as you could imagine. You're getting all these different disks of different shapes, sizes, and manufacturers. So they released Snowball. Snowball was a way of doing this at the enterprise level. This is how you can move terabytes of data into the cloud. So Snowball is this sort of briefcase-size appliance. Traditionally, it consists just of storage, and you connect that up, and then basically you'd load your terabytes of data onto your Snowball appliance and then send it back to Amazon, and you'd basically just charge the setup fee and then a daily rate. Now at Reinvent 2016, they announced Snowball Edge, and basically they've taken the concept a bit further. So instead of it just being an appliance that allows you to transfer storage, what they've done is they've added compute capacity to it. So you can use Snowball Edge because it is essentially a piece of Amazon Web Services data centers that you can take on premises. So you can actually have your own AWS on premise piece of kit. So that's really cool. I've actually ordered one that should arrive in about ten days from now. So we will have a lecture on that. Where snowball comes up is really going to be around the solutions architect associated exam as well as the Sisops associate Exam doesn't come up much in the Developer Associate Exam at all. moving on to DMs. This is called Database Migration Services. This allows you to migrate your on-premise databases to the AWS cloud, and you can also use it to migrate databases that are inside the AWS cloud over to either other regions or into things like Redshift, et cetera. Now, you can do this with your production databases. You're not going to have any downtime. Now, what's really cool with this technology is that you don't have to stay with the database that you're migrating from. So let's say you've got an Oracle database that's in house. It costs you a lot of money in licensing fees, and you want to move up to the cloud. You can actually take your Oracle database and migrate it over to Aurora, for example, and basically DMs will handle the whole conversion process, so it frees you from the licensing fees of Oracle. Now, Amazon announced this at Reinvent in 2015. As you can imagine, Oracle was not very happy, and there have been quite a few fights ever since. Oracle actually sent a fleet of Tesla's to Reinvent 2016 to give guests free lifts back to their hotel from the Reinvent Conference. And it was quite funny, actually. And the Tesla's all had Oracle branding saying, don't get stuck in one particular cloud. Make sure you make sure you diversify. So there's been an ongoing feud between Amazon and Oracle, but DMs is a really great service, and I don't know if you guys have ever worked with Solutions Architects before, but Oracle licensing is hideously expensive. So DMs is a fantastic service. You can migrate your production databases up to AWS with no downtime because it's using replication, and you can actually convert your different databases. So there are technologies that are supported. Oracle, SQL, MySQL, Aurora PostgreSQL and SAP ASE. So it's great technology and I'm going to have a lecture on it. We won't do any labs, but we'll just do it from a theoretical point of view. It's not yet in the Solutions Architect Associate or Synths Administrator Associate Exam, but I would expect it to be added in 2017 because it is a fantastic service for migration. Speaking of great services for migration, we also have SMS, which stands for Server Migration Services. And basically, this does exactly the same as database migration services. But instead of targeting databases, this targets virtual machines, specifically VMware virtual machines. So, if you have virtual machines running on premises, you can use Server Migration Service to replicate them up to the AWS cloud and run 50 of them concurrently at the same time. Again, this does not yet feature in any of the exams, but it's a great thing to know, and we'll just have a theoretical lecture on it later on in the course. Moving on to analytics, let's start with Athena. Basically, it allows you to run SQL queries on a server. It's a brand new service that was announced at Reinvent 2016. So let's imagine you've got a whole bunch of CSV files or JSON files in your S Three buckets. You can actually run sequel queries on those files. So it's kind of like turning your flat files into searchable databases, essentially. Athena is still very new and doesn't yet feature in any of the exams. Moving on to Elastic MapReduce, this is used for big data processing. We will cover this off in the solutions. Architect associate course It doesn't come up in the Developer Associate Course, and it can only come up in a tiny little bit and stop the Administrator Course. Really you just need to understand what EMR is at a high level and then also how you access it. so we will cover this off later. But Elastic MapReduce is basically used to process large amounts of data. So this might be things like log analysis or Web indexing, or perhaps you're trying to analyze the financial markets. And it's using a framework called Hadoop. And there's other frameworks available, including Apache, Spark, Apache HBase, Presto or Flunk. So EMR is used for big data. That's all you really need to remember. It features very heavily in the big data specialty set. We do cover it in a lot more detail in that particular course, the Solutions Architect Associate course. And I think that's really it. You just need to know what it is at a high level and how you can access it. So we will have a quick lecture on that later on in the course. Okay, so let's move on to Cloud Search, and I'll also include Elasticsearch here because they're very similar, slightly different products, but very similar in terms of what they do. So if you need to create a search engine for your website or for your application, you can use either Cloud Search or Elasticsearch. Cloud Search is a fully managed service that's provided by AWS, whereas Elasticsearch is a service that uses an open source framework but essentially allows you to create search capabilities within your website or application. Again, this doesn't come up much in any of the associate exams. We used to use Cloud Search ourselves, but then we moved over to Angolia. Angolia is fantastic. Check out their website if you want to get off AWS and use a third party. I definitely recommend Angolia. It is lightning fast. Okay, so let's move on to kinesis. So what is kinesthesia? Well, Kinesis actually does come up in the Solutions Architect associate exam a fair bit. It also comes up a lot in the big data specialty exam. So basically, Kinesis is a way of streaming and analyzing real-time data at massive scale, so you can capture and store terabytes of data per hour. And you'd use this for things like financial transactions. You might be wanting to analyze the market or even things like social media streams. So perhaps you have a sentiment analysis app. Perhaps you want to understand the sentiment of your particular product, of your company, or even of an election. You can use Kinesis to analyze social media feeds and basically pull in people's Twitter data, people's Facebook data, et cetera, at terabytes of data per hour. And then you can run real time analysis on this. Now, in terms of what you need to know for the Associate Exam, basically you just need to know what it does. When you do the big data specialty exam, you're going to need to know Kinesis in a bit more detail, and we deep dive into it in that particular course. moving on to the data pipeline. Data pipeline is exactly what it sounds like. It's a service that allows you to move data from one place to another. I will do a quick lab on it. It doesn't come up too much in the essayassociate course apart from knowing what it is, but it does come up in the Solutions Architect Professional. So, for Data Pipeline, we will do a lab on it. And basically you can move data from, let's say, S3, which is where you store all your objects. Perhaps you want to move data from there into DynamoDB, or perhaps you want to move data from DynamoDB over into S3, so you can set up data pipeline jobs that do exactly that. Moving on to the Quick Site So Quick Side does not appear in any of the exams. It was announced at Reinvent 2015. And basically, it's a business analytics tool. It helps you create visualizations and rich sort of dashboards for your data that exists in AWS, so it can analyze data in S Three, in DynamoDB, in RDS, in Redshift, et cetera. It allows you to build out these really cool dashboards for that data. But again, it doesn't come up. Maybe we'll have a course on it later on, if there is sufficient demand. Okay, so we're almost 20 minutes into this lecture, so what we're going to do now is take a break again. Go make yourself a coffee. Go make yourself a tea. If you're starting to feel overwhelmed, seriously, don't worry. We're going to cover everything in detail as we go throughout the course. And remember, you don't need to know every single service going into the exam. It's good to have a high-level understanding of what each one is, but really, you just need to know a few key services in depth. So that's it for me, guys. If you have any questions, please let me know. If not, go have a brain and feel free to move on to the next lecture when you're ready. Thanks.
